This issue presents recent developments in EU competition law enforcement in digital markets. It examines the European Commission’s first non-compliance decisions under the Digital Markets Act (DMA) against Apple and Meta, as well as its decision concerning coordination in the online food delivery sector. The analysis focuses on how these cases illustrate the Commission’s emerging approach to gatekeeper obligations and to competition risks arising from minority shareholdings and labor market conduct.

ANTITRUST

DIGITAL LAW

COMPLEXITY SCIENCE

LATEST PUBLICATIONS

Reading suggestions – September 2025

Here are Thibault Schrepel’s monthly reading suggestions. Topics include the DMA’s impacts on EU users, killer acquisitions, auditable AI systems,...

Principal-Agent Dynamics and Digital (Platform) Economics in the Age of Agentic AI

This article applies the principal–agent framework to the use of autonomous AI systems in digital markets. It examines the challenge...

Personalized Competition Law: The New Frontier of AI Market Governance

Artificial Intelligence technologies prompt several doctrinal shifts in competition law. For AI market governance, this means moving toward personalized enforcement....

Implementing the European AI Act: Balancing Horizontal Consistency with Sector-Specific Requirements

The European Union’s AI Act applies across a broad range of domains and use cases, aiming to promote horizontal consistency...

The New AI Regulation in Korea: Problems of Jurisdictional Overlaps

This article explores Japan’s emerging approach to regulating generative AI, balancing innovation and risk. The government emphasizes soft, sector-specific regulation...

Japanese AI Regulation and Competition Law

This article explores Japan’s emerging approach to regulating generative AI, balancing innovation and risk. The government emphasizes soft, sector-specific regulation...

Crafting the Regulatory Ecosystem for AI: Competition 2.0

The challenges of the global landscape and new market realities, significantly led by the digital sector and AI development, are...

Statutory Obsolescence in the Age of Innovation: A Few Thoughts about GDPR

This article examines the problem of statutory obsolescence in the regulation of rapidly evolving technologies, with a focus on GDPR...

AI Governance as Regulation of Collective Memory

The emerging regulatory landscape in the field of AI will substantially influence the construction of collective memory and play a...

Dams For The Infinite River: Limits To Copyright’s Power Over The Next-Generation of Generative AI Media

As the levels of speed and control of Generative AI tech increase to a degree that any media can be...

Governing Hyperobjects: The New Economics of AI Regulation

Artificial intelligence is not simply a hard regulatory problem, but a fundamentally different kind of object – a hyperobject. Like...

The Regulation that Cried Wolf: Generative AI Training Data and the Challenge of Lawful Scale

This essay examines how the EU’s Digital Markets Act unintentionally reshapes the foundations of generative AI. By barring gatekeepers from...

US Antitrust Cases

By Koren W. Wong-Ervin

EU Competition Cases

By Alice Setari and Mario Siragusa

Latin American Cases

By Marcela Mattiuzzo

TECH MONOPOLY

BY HERBERT HOVENKAMP

Crane's Cartel

By Daniel Crane

SPECIAL GUESTS

Academics Only